FURANTIN 100

# Nitrofurantoin 100 mg ## SHORT DESCRIPTION Nitrofurantoin 100 mg is a **urinary antibiotic** used primarily to treat certain **uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)**, particularly bladder infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It works by damaging bacterial proteins and genetic material inside the urinary tract. Nitrofurantoin achieves high concentrations in urine, making it particularly useful for infections of the bladder. ## KEY BENEFITS * Helps treat **uncomplicated urinary tract infections** * Particularly effective for certain bacterial bladder infections * Concentrates in the urine, providing antibacterial activity at the site of infection * Active against several common UTI-causing bacteria * May be used when bacteria are susceptible to nitrofurantoin * Helps relieve infection-related urinary symptoms by eliminating susceptible bacteria ## USES / INDICATIONS Nitrofurantoin 100 mg may be prescribed for: * **Acute uncomplicated cystitis (bladder infection)** * Certain lower urinary tract infections caused by susceptible bacteria * Treatment of UTIs when laboratory testing or local guidelines support nitrofurantoin use Nitrofurantoin is **not generally appropriate for kidney infections (pyelonephritis)** or infections outside the urinary tract because it does not achieve adequate concentrations in kidney tissue and most other body tissues. ## HOW IT WORKS Nitrofurantoin is converted by bacterial enzymes into reactive compounds that damage several important bacterial components, including: * Bacterial proteins * DNA * RNA * Cell-wall and metabolic processes This multiple-target mechanism damages susceptible bacteria and prevents them from growing and surviving. ## DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION * Take Nitrofurantoin 100 mg exactly as prescribed. * For many adults, the dosage depends on the specific formulation. **Nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals 100 mg is commonly prescribed twice daily with food for 5 days for uncomplicated cystitis**, but your prescribed regimen may differ. * Take it **with food or milk** to improve absorption and reduce stomach upset. * Swallow the capsule or tablet with water. * Take doses at evenly spaced times. * Complete the prescribed course even if symptoms improve. * Do not use leftover antibiotics for another infection. ### Missed Dose Take the missed dose when remembered unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take two doses together. ### Kidney Function Nitrofurantoin requires adequate kidney function to reach effective concentrations in urine. It may not be suitable for people with significantly reduced renal function. Your doctor may check kidney function before prescribing it. ## SIDE EFFECTS Common side effects may include: * Nausea * Vomiting * Loss of appetite * Abdominal discomfort * Headache * Diarrhea * Dizziness Taking nitrofurantoin with food can help reduce stomach-related side effects. ### Serious Side Effects Seek medical attention promptly if you experience: * Difficulty breathing * Persistent cough * Chest pain * Fever or chills with respiratory symptoms * Yellowing of the skin or eyes * Dark urine * Severe or persistent diarrhea * Numbness, tingling or weakness * Severe skin rash * Swelling of the face, lips or throat Rarely, nitrofurantoin can cause **lung inflammation or fibrosis, liver injury and peripheral neuropathy**, particularly with prolonged treatment. ## PRECAUTIONS & WARNINGS * Nitrofurantoin should generally be used for **lower urinary tract infections**, not suspected kidney infections. * Tell your doctor if you have **kidney disease or reduced kidney function**. * Long-term use can increase the risk of lung, liver and nerve complications. * Seek medical advice if you develop persistent cough, shortness of breath or chest discomfort. * Stop and seek medical advice if symptoms of liver injury occur, such as jaundice or dark urine. * Tell your doctor if you have a history of liver disease or lung disease. * People with **G6PD deficiency** may have an increased risk of hemolytic anemia. * Nitrofurantoin may rarely cause peripheral neuropathy, with symptoms such as numbness, tingling or weakness. * Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, especially near delivery. * Nitrofurantoin is generally avoided in newborn infants and in certain situations involving late pregnancy because of the risk of hemolysis. * If fever, chills, flank/back pain or vomiting occur with urinary symptoms, seek medical attention because these may indicate a kidney infection. * Do not use nitrofurantoin for viral infections. ## DRUG INTERACTIONS Nitrofurantoin may interact with: * **Magnesium-containing antacids** — may reduce absorption. * **Probenecid** — may reduce renal elimination of nitrofurantoin and increase adverse-effect risk. * **Sulfinpyrazone** — may affect nitrofurantoin elimination and urinary concentrations. * Certain medicines affecting kidney function — may alter nitrofurantoin exposure. * Some urinary alkalinizing agents may potentially reduce antibacterial activity. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about all prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements you take. ## STORAGE INFORMATION * Store according to the manufacturer's instructions. * Keep the medicine in its original packaging. * Store at the recommended room temperature. * Protect from excessive heat, moisture and direct sunlight. * Keep the container tightly closed. * Keep out of reach of children. * Do not use after the expiry date. * Do not use the medicine if the packaging is damaged. ## PRESCRIPTION STATUS **Prescription medicine.** Nitrofurantoin 100 mg should be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional and only when appropriate for the suspected or confirmed bacterial urinary infection. ## GENUINE MEDICINE ASSURANCE For safe and genuine Nitrofurantoin 100 mg: * Purchase from a licensed and reputable pharmacy. * Check the medicine name and strength. * Verify the manufacturer's details. * Check the batch number and expiry date. * Confirm the expiry date before use. * Ensure the packaging and seal are intact. * Avoid medicines with damaged or suspicious packaging. * Do not purchase antibiotics from unauthorized sources. * Consult a pharmacist if you have concerns about product authenticity. ## FAQ ### What is Nitrofurantoin 100 mg used for? Nitrofurantoin 100 mg is primarily used to treat **uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections**, especially bladder infections caused by susceptible bacteria. ### Is Nitrofurantoin an antibiotic? Yes. Nitrofurantoin is an antibacterial medicine specifically concentrated in the urinary tract. ### Is Nitrofurantoin used for UTI? Yes. Nitrofurantoin is commonly used for appropriate **lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)**, particularly uncomplicated cystitis. ### Can Nitrofurantoin treat a kidney infection? No. Nitrofurantoin does not achieve adequate concentrations in kidney tissue and is generally **not suitable for pyelonephritis (kidney infection)**. ### How does Nitrofurantoin work? Nitrofurantoin is converted into reactive compounds inside susceptible bacteria. These compounds damage bacterial DNA, RNA and proteins, preventing bacterial survival. ### Should Nitrofurantoin 100 mg be taken with food? Yes. Taking nitrofurantoin **with food or milk** can improve absorption and reduce stomach upset. ### How long does Nitrofurantoin take to work for a UTI? Many people begin to notice improvement within a few days, but this can vary. Complete the prescribed course even if symptoms improve. ### How long is Nitrofurantoin usually taken? For uncomplicated cystitis, treatment duration depends on the formulation. A commonly used regimen for nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals is **100 mg twice daily for 5 days**, but follow your doctor's specific instructions. ### Can Nitrofurantoin treat burning urination? Nitrofurantoin treats the **bacterial infection causing urinary symptoms**. Burning and other symptoms should gradually improve as the infection responds to treatment. ### Can Nitrofurantoin turn urine dark? Yes. Nitrofurantoin can cause urine to become **dark yellow or brown**. This can be a harmless medication effect, although significant dark urine accompanied by jaundice or other symptoms should be medically evaluated. ### What are the common side effects of Nitrofurantoin? Common side effects include **nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal discomfort, headache and diarrhea**. ### Can Nitrofurantoin cause stomach upset? Yes. Nausea and stomach discomfort can occur. Taking the medicine with food can help reduce these effects. ### Can Nitrofurantoin cause lung problems? Rarely, nitrofurantoin can cause lung reactions. Contact your healthcare professional if you develop persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain or other new respiratory symptoms. ### Can Nitrofurantoin cause liver problems? Rarely, nitrofurantoin can cause liver injury. Seek medical advice if you develop yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, severe fatigue or persistent nausea. ### Can Nitrofurantoin cause nerve problems? Rarely, particularly with prolonged treatment or in people with certain risk factors, nitrofurantoin can cause **peripheral neuropathy**. Report numbness, tingling, burning pain or weakness promptly. ### Can I take Nitrofurantoin during pregnancy? Nitrofurantoin may be used during certain stages of pregnancy when clinically appropriate, but it is generally avoided close to delivery because of potential risks to the newborn. Always consult your doctor. ### Can I take Nitrofurantoin while breastfeeding? Nitrofurantoin may be suitable for many breastfeeding patients, but it may not be appropriate in certain situations, such as when the infant has G6PD deficiency. Discuss breastfeeding with your healthcare professional. ### Can I take Nitrofurantoin with antacids? Some **magnesium-containing antacids** can interfere with nitrofurantoin absorption. Ask your pharmacist about appropriate timing or alternatives. ### Can I drink alcohol while taking Nitrofurantoin? There is no specific major interaction between alcohol and nitrofurantoin, but alcohol can worsen nausea, dizziness or stomach discomfort. Avoid alcohol if it makes you feel unwell. ### What should I do if I miss a dose of Nitrofurantoin? Take the missed dose when you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose. ### What happens if I take too much Nitrofurantoin? Taking more than prescribed can increase the risk of adverse effects. Contact a healthcare professional or seek medical attention if you suspect an overdose. ### Can Nitrofurantoin treat vaginal infections? No. Nitrofurantoin is primarily used for bacterial infections of the urinary tract. It does not treat common vaginal yeast infections. ### Can Nitrofurantoin treat sexually transmitted infections? No. Nitrofurantoin is not a general treatment for sexually transmitted infections. Appropriate testing and treatment are required for suspected STIs. ### Does Nitrofurantoin cause antibiotic resistance? Bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics. Using nitrofurantoin only when appropriately prescribed and completing the recommended course helps support responsible antibiotic use. ### How should Nitrofurantoin 100 mg be stored? Store according to the manufacturer's instructions, generally at room temperature away from excessive heat and moisture. Keep it in its original packaging and out of reach of children. ## MEDICAL DISCLAIMER This information is provided for educational and informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. **Nitrofurantoin 100 mg is a prescription antibiotic primarily intended for appropriate lower urinary tract infections.** It should not be self-used for suspected kidney infections or other serious infections. Rare but serious lung, liver and nerve complications can occur, particularly with prolonged use. Tell your healthcare professional about kidney disease, G6PD deficiency, pregnancy, breastfeeding and all medicines you take. Seek prompt medical attention for breathing difficulty, persistent cough, jaundice, severe rash, severe diarrhea, numbness or worsening urinary symptoms with fever or flank pain. Always follow the specific product label and your healthcare professional's instructions.