GLIPTIN-100

# Sitagliptin 100 mg ## SHORT DESCRIPTION Sitagliptin 100 mg is an oral **antidiabetic medicine** belonging to the DPP-4 inhibitor class. It is primarily used to improve blood glucose control in adults with **Type 2 diabetes mellitus**, along with a healthy diet and regular physical activity. It may be used alone or in combination with other diabetes medicines when additional blood sugar control is required. ## KEY BENEFITS * Helps lower elevated blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes * Supports better blood sugar control throughout the day * Helps increase the body's natural insulin response after meals * Reduces excessive glucagon release when blood glucose is elevated * Generally has a low risk of hypoglycaemia when used alone * Can be used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medicines when prescribed ## USES / INDICATIONS Sitagliptin 100 mg may be prescribed for: * Type 2 diabetes mellitus * Improving glycaemic control along with diet and exercise * Type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with other antidiabetic medicines * Combination therapy with medicines such as metformin, sulfonylureas, insulin, or certain other glucose-lowering medicines when clinically appropriate **Sitagliptin is not used to treat Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.** ## HOW IT WORKS Sitagliptin is a **DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitor**. DPP-4 normally breaks down incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. By inhibiting DPP-4, sitagliptin increases the activity of these hormones. This helps the pancreas release more insulin when blood glucose is elevated and reduces the release of glucagon, which decreases glucose production by the liver. Because its effects are glucose-dependent, sitagliptin generally has a low risk of hypoglycaemia when used without medicines that independently increase insulin levels. ## DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION * The usual adult dose of Sitagliptin is **100 mg once daily**. * It may be taken with or without food. * Take the medicine at approximately the same time each day. * Swallow the tablet whole with water. * Patients with moderate or severe kidney impairment may require a **lower dose**. * Your doctor may monitor blood glucose and HbA1c to evaluate treatment effectiveness. * Do not change the dose or stop treatment without consulting your healthcare professional. * Continue the recommended diet and exercise program while taking sitagliptin. ## SIDE EFFECTS Possible side effects may include: * Headache * Common cold-like symptoms * Sore throat * Nasal congestion * Nausea * Stomach discomfort * Diarrhoea * Upper respiratory tract infection Rare but serious adverse effects may include: * Acute pancreatitis * Severe allergic reactions * Severe joint pain * Bullous pemphigoid, a rare blistering skin condition * Kidney-related problems Seek immediate medical attention if you develop severe persistent abdominal pain, especially if it radiates to the back, difficulty breathing, facial or throat swelling, widespread rash, or severe skin blistering. ## PRECAUTIONS & WARNINGS * Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease because dose adjustment may be necessary. * Tell your doctor if you have a history of pancreatitis. * Seek medical attention for persistent severe abdominal pain, which may indicate pancreatitis. * If sitagliptin is used with insulin or a sulfonylurea, the risk of hypoglycaemia may increase. * Inform your doctor if you have previously experienced a serious allergic reaction to sitagliptin or another DPP-4 inhibitor. * Tell your doctor if you develop severe joint pain during treatment. * Inform your healthcare professional if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding. * Sitagliptin is not intended for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. * Continue regular blood glucose monitoring as recommended. ## DRUG INTERACTIONS Sitagliptin may interact with: * Insulin * Sulfonylureas such as glimepiride or gliclazide * Other antidiabetic medicines * Digoxin * Certain medicines that affect kidney function or sitagliptin elimination When sitagliptin is combined with insulin or sulfonylureas, the risk of low blood sugar may increase. Your doctor may adjust the dose of the other medicine if necessary. Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and supplements you take. ## STORAGE INFORMATION * Store at room temperature according to the manufacturer's instructions. * Keep away from excessive heat, moisture, and direct sunlight. * Keep the tablets in their original packaging. * Keep out of reach and sight of children. * Do not use after the expiry date printed on the package. * Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. ## PRESCRIPTION STATUS Sitagliptin 100 mg is generally a **prescription medicine**. It should be used under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, with blood glucose and kidney function monitored when appropriate. ## GENUINE MEDICINE ASSURANCE For genuine medicine assurance: * Purchase Sitagliptin 100 mg from a licensed and reputable pharmacy. * Check the product name, strength, batch number, manufacturer information, and expiry date. * Ensure the packaging and seal are intact. * Do not use products with damaged, altered, or suspicious packaging. * Follow the manufacturer's storage instructions. * Consult a pharmacist if you have concerns about the authenticity of the medicine. ## FAQ ### What is Sitagliptin 100 mg used for? Sitagliptin 100 mg is used to improve blood glucose control in adults with Type 2 diabetes, together with diet and exercise. It may be used alone or alongside other diabetes medicines. ### Is Sitagliptin a diabetes medicine? Yes. Sitagliptin is an oral antidiabetic medicine belonging to the DPP-4 inhibitor class. ### How does Sitagliptin work? Sitagliptin inhibits the DPP-4 enzyme, increasing the activity of incretin hormones. This helps the body release insulin when blood glucose is high and reduces glucagon release, helping lower blood sugar. ### What is the usual dose of Sitagliptin? The usual adult dose is **100 mg once daily**. People with reduced kidney function may need a lower dose based on the severity of kidney impairment. ### Can Sitagliptin be taken with food? Yes. Sitagliptin can generally be taken with or without food. ### Does Sitagliptin cause low blood sugar? Sitagliptin alone generally has a low risk of hypoglycaemia. However, the risk can increase when it is taken with insulin or sulfonylureas. ### Does Sitagliptin cause weight gain? Sitagliptin is generally considered weight-neutral, meaning it typically does not cause significant weight gain when used alone. Individual responses can vary. ### Can Sitagliptin be taken with Metformin? Yes. Sitagliptin is commonly used in combination with metformin when additional blood glucose control is needed. The combination should be prescribed and monitored by a healthcare professional. ### Can Sitagliptin be used for Type 1 diabetes? No. Sitagliptin is indicated for **Type 2 diabetes** and is not used to replace insulin in people with Type 1 diabetes. ### Can Sitagliptin cause pancreatitis? Pancreatitis is a rare but potentially serious adverse effect. Contact your doctor promptly if you develop persistent severe abdominal pain, particularly if it radiates to your back and may be accompanied by nausea or vomiting. ### Can Sitagliptin affect the kidneys? Sitagliptin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys. People with reduced kidney function may require a lower dose, so inform your doctor about any kidney disease. ### Can Sitagliptin be taken during pregnancy? If you are pregnant or planning pregnancy, speak with your healthcare professional. Your doctor can determine the most appropriate diabetes treatment during pregnancy. ### What happens if I miss a dose of Sitagliptin? Take the missed dose when you remember unless it is nearly time for your next dose. Do not take two doses together to compensate for a missed dose. ### Can I stop Sitagliptin when my blood sugar becomes normal? Do not stop sitagliptin without consulting your doctor. Normal blood glucose may indicate that your treatment is working effectively rather than that diabetes has been cured. ### How long does Sitagliptin take to work? Sitagliptin begins affecting blood glucose regulation after treatment is started, but the full effect on long-term glucose control is assessed over time using measurements such as fasting glucose and HbA1c. ## MEDICAL DISCLAIMER This information is provided for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Sitagliptin 100 mg should be used only as prescribed by a qualified healthcare professional. The appropriate dose may vary according to kidney function, blood glucose levels, age, medical conditions, and other medicines being used. Do not start, stop, or change the dose without medical advice. Always read the product label and consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance.